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is a popular Japanese music genre considered to resemble traditional Japanese music stylistically. Modern enka, however, is a relatively recent musical form which arose in the context of such postwar expressions of modern Japanese nonmaterial nationalism as ''nihonjinron'', while adopting a more traditional musical style in its vocalism than ''ryūkōka'' music, popular during the prewar years.〔Christine Reiko Yano. ''(Tears of Longing: Nostalgia and the Nation in Japanese Popular Song )''. ''Google Books''. via Harvard Univ Asia Center. 2003. 42. ISBN 978-0-674-01276-9〕 Modern enka, as developed in the postwar era, is a form of sentimental ballad music. Some of the first modern enka singers were Hachiro Kasuga, Michiya Mihashi, and Hideo Murata. The revival of enka in its modern form is said to date from 1969, when Keiko Fuji made her debut. The most famous male enka singer is Kiyoshi Hikawa. ==The term== The term ''enka'' was first used to refer to political texts set to music which were sung and distributed by opposition activists belonging to the Freedom and People's Rights Movement during the Meiji period (1868–1912) as a means of bypassing government curbs on speeches of political dissent – and in this sense the word is derived from , meaning "speech song." Another theory holds that modern enka means , meaning "performance song."〔Martin, Alex, "('Enka' still strikes nostalgic nerve )", ''Japan Times'', 18 November 2008, p. 3.〕 The genre called ''enka'' is also said to be an expedient classification for record labels as well as J-pop. For example, Harumi Miyako, who has been usually considered as an enka singer, said "I don't think that I sing 'enka'" and "In fact, there was no such term as 'enka' when I debuted."〔Original text: "わたし、自分が演歌をうたってるとは思ってませんから。" "じっさい、あたしがデビューしたころは、特に演歌なんて言い方はしなかったですよ。"〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「enka」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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