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enkephalin
An enkephalin is a pentapeptide involved in regulating nociception in the body. The enkephalins are termed endogenous ligands, as they are internally derived and bind to the body's opioid receptors. Discovered in 1975, two forms of enkephalin were revealed, one containing leucine ("leu"), and the other containing methionine ("met"). Both are products of the proenkephalin gene.
* Met-enkephalin is Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met.
* Leu-enkephalin has Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu.
==Endogenous opioid peptides==
There are three well-characterized families of opioid peptides produced by the body: enkephalins, endorphins, and dynorphins. The met-enkephalin peptide sequence is coded for by the enkephalin gene; the leu-enkephalin peptide sequence is coded for by both the enkephalin gene and the dynorphin gene.〔(Opioid peptides: Molecular pharmacology, biosynthesis and analysis ), R.S. Rapaka and R. L. Hawks (editors) in a National Institute on Drug Abuse Research Monograph (#70), 1986.〕 The proopiomelanocortin gene (POMC) also contains the met-enkephalin sequence on the N-terminus of beta-endorphin, but the endorphin peptide is not processed into enkephalin.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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