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Enrofloxacin (ENR) is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic sold by the Bayer Corporation under the trade name Baytril. Enrofloxacin is currently approved by the FDA for the treatment of individual pets and domestic animals in the United States. In September 2005, the FDA withdrew approval of Baytril for use in water to treat flocks of poultry, as this practice was noted to promote the evolution of fluoroquinolone-resistant strains of the bacterium ''Campylobacter'', a human pathogen.〔http://www.fda.gov/cvm/FQWithdrawal.html FDA statement on withdrawal of Baytril for use in poultry〕 It is a bactericidal agent. The bactericidal activity of enrofloxacin is concentration-dependent, with susceptible bacteria cell death occurring within 20–30 minutes of exposure. Enrofloxacin has demonstrated a significant post-antibiotic effect for both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and is active in both stationary and growth phases of bacterial replication. ==Activity and susceptibility data== Enrofloxacin is a synthetic antibacterial agent from the class of the fluoroquinolone carboxylic acid derivatives. It has antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Its mechanism of action is not thoroughly understood, but it is believed to act by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase (a type-II topoisomerase), thereby preventing DNA supercoiling and DNA synthesis. It is effective against: * ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa'' * ''Klebsiella'' * ''Escherichia coli'' * ''Enterobacter'' * ''Campylobacter'' * ''Shigella'' * ''Salmonella'' * ''Aeromonas'' * ''Haemophilus'' * ''Proteus'' * ''Yersinia'' * ''Serratia'' * ''Vibrio'' * ''Brucella'' * ''Chlamydia trachomatis'' * ''Staphylococcus'' (including penicillinase-producing and methicillin-resistant strains) * ''Mycoplasma'' * ''Mycobacterium'' Variable activity against: * ''Streptococcus'' Ineffective against: * Anaerobes The following data represent minimum inhibitory concentration ranges for a few medically significant bacterial pathogens: * ''Escherichia coli'' - 0.004 - 512 µg/ml * ''Staphylococcus aureus'' - 0.0925 - 64 µg/ml * ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa'' - 0.05 µg/ml 〔http://antibiotics.toku-e.com/antimicrobial_588_1.html〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「enrofloxacin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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