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esterase An esterase is a hydrolase enzyme that splits esters into an acid and an alcohol in a chemical reaction with water called hydrolysis. A wide range of different esterases exist that differ in their substrate specificity, their protein structure, and their biological function. == EC classification/list of enzymes ==
* * Acetylesterase (EC 3.1.1.6), splits off acetyl groups * * * Cholinesterase * * * * Acetylcholinesterase, inactivates the neurotransmitter acetylcholine * * * * Pseudocholinesterase, broad substrate specificity, found in the blood plasma and in the liver * * Pectinesterase (EC 3.1.1.11), clarifies fruit juices * ''EC 3.1.2'': Thiolester hydrolases * * Thioesterase * * * Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 * ''EC 3.1.3'': Phosphoric monoester hydrolases * * Phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.x), hydrolyses phosphoric acid monoesters into a phosphate ion and an alcohol * * * Alkaline phosphatase, removes phosphate groups from many types of molecules, including nucleotides, proteins, and alkaloids. * * * Phosphodiesterase (PDE), inactivates the second messenger cAMP * * * * cGMP specific phosphodiesterase type 5, is inhibited by Sildenafil (Viagra) * * Fructose bisphosphatase (3.1.3.11), converts fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to fructose-6-phosphate in gluconeogenesis * ''EC 3.1.4'': Phosphoric diester hydrolases * ''EC 3.1.5'': Triphosphoric monoester hydrolases * ''EC 3.1.6'': Sulfuric ester hydrolases (sulfatases) * ''EC 3.1.7'': Diphosphoric monoester hydrolases * ''EC 3.1.8'': Phosphoric triester hydrolases * Exonucleases (deoxyribonucleases and ribonucleases) * * ''EC 3.1.11'': Exodeoxyribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters * * ''EC 3.1.13'': Exoribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters * * ''EC 3.1.14'': Exoribonucleases producing 3'-phosphomonoesters * * ''EC 3.1.15'': Exonucleases active with either ribo- or deoxy- * Endonucleases (deoxyribonucleases and ribonucleases) * * Endodeoxyribonuclease * * Endoribonuclease * * either deoxy- or ribo-
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