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faiyum
Faiyum ((アラビア語:الفيوم) ' ; ') is a city in Middle Egypt. Located southwest of Cairo, in the Faiyum Oasis, it is the capital of the modern Faiyum Governorate. The town occupies part of the ancient site of Crocodilopolis or Arsinoë. Founded in around 4000 BC, it is the oldest city in Egypt and one of the oldest continuously occupied cities in the world.
== Name and etymology ==
Its name in English is also spelled as Fayum, Fayoum, Al Fayyum or El Faiyūm. Faiyum was previously officially named Madīnet el Faiyūm (Arabic for ''The City of Faiyum''). The name Faiyum (and its spelling variations) may also refer to the Faiyum Oasis, although it is commonly used by Egyptians today to refer to the city.
The modern name of the city comes from Coptic / ' (whence the proper name '), meaning ''the Sea'' or ''the Lake'', which in turn comes from late Egyptian ''pꜣ-ymꜥ'' of the same meaning, a reference to the nearby Lake Moeris; the extinct elephant ancestor ''Phiomia'' was named after it.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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