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familiaris
In the Middle Ages, a ''familiaris'' (plural ''familiares''), more formally a ''familiaris regis'' ("''familiaris'' of the king") or ''curiae''〔In medieval documents, ''curiae'' may also be spelled ''curiæ'' or ''curie''.〕 ("of the court"), was, in the words of the historian W. L. Warren, "an intimate, a familiar resident or visitor in the () household, a member of the ''familia'', that wider family which embraces servants, confidents, and close associates." Warren adds that the term "defies adequate translation", but is distinct from courtier, "for the king employed his ''familiares'' on a variety of administrative tasks." The ''familiares'' of a king are collectively referred to as the ''familia regis'', which evolved into a private royal council—in England during the reign of Henry III (1216–72) and in France during that of Philip V (1316–22). In England, it was known as the ''concilium familiare'' or ''concilium privatum'' (Privy Council) and in France as the ''magnum consilium'' (great council, the ''Conseil du Roi''). The ''familiares regis'' may have already formed an inner royal council in Sicily during the reign of Roger II (1130–54).
==Notes==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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