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Feldsher (German: Feldscher, Polish: Felczer, Czech: Felčar, Russian/Cyrillic: Фельдшер) is a health care professional who provides various medical services in the Russian Federation and other countries of the former Soviet Union, mainly in rural areas. For example, feldshers provide primary, obstetrical and surgical care services in many rural medical centres and ambulatories across Russia,〔(Farmer R et al., "The Russian Health Care System Today. ''Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine'', 2003; 70(11) (PDF) )〕 Armenia,〔(World Health Organization. ''National Health Accounts of the Republic of Armenia 2006''. Yerevan, 2007 - (PDF) )〕 Kazakhstan,〔(European Observatory on Health Care Systems: ''Health Care Systems in Transition: Kazakhstan''. Copenhagen, 1999 (PDF) )〕 Kyrgyzstan〔(World Health Organization and Ministry of Health, Kyrgyzstan. ''Integrated Management on Emergency and Essential Surgical Care (IMEESC)''. Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, 2005 (PDF) )〕 and Uzbekistan.〔(World Health Organization and Ministry of Health, Uzbekistan. ''Assessment of the mental health system in Uzbekistan''. Tashkent, Uzbekistan, 2007 (PDF) )〕 The equivalent type of provider may also go under different titles in different countries and regions, such as physician assistant in the United States or clinical officer in parts of sub-Saharan Africa. They are collectively grouped under the category “paramedical practitioners” in the International Standard Classification of Occupations, 2008 revision.〔World Health Organization. ''Classifying Health Workers''. Geneva, 2010.〕 ==History== The word ''Feldsher'' is derived from the German ''Feldscher'', which was coined in the 15th century. ''Feldscher'' (or ''Feldscherer'') literally means "field shearer," but was the term used for barber surgeons in German and Swiss armies from the 17th century until professional military medical services were established, first by Prussia in the early 18th century. The term was then exported with Prussian officers and nobles to Russia. The Feldsher system of rural primary care provided some of the inspiration for China's ''barefoot doctors.'' Today feldshers can be found in every medical setting from primary to intensive care.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe )〕 They are often the first point of contact with health professionals for people in rural areas. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「feldsher」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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