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The flute is a family of musical instrument of the woodwind group. Unlike woodwind instruments with reeds, a flute is an aerophone or reedless wind instrument that produces its sound from the flow of air across an opening. According to the instrument classification of Hornbostel–Sachs, flutes are categorized as edge-blown aerophones. A musician who plays the flute can be referred to as a ''flute player'', ''flautist'', ''flutist'' or, less commonly, ''fluter'' or ''flutenist''. Flutes are the earliest extant musical instruments. A number of flutes dating to about 43,000 to 35,000 years ago have been found in the Swabian Alb region of Germany. These flutes demonstrate that a developed musical tradition existed from the earliest period of modern human presence in Europe.〔. Citation on p. 248.〕 Flutes, including the famous Bansuri, have been an integral part of Indian classical music since 1500 BC. A major deity of Hinduism, Krishna, has been associated with the flute. ==Etymology== The word ''flute'' first entered the English language during the Middle English period, as ''floute'',〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Flute )〕 or else ''flowte'', ''flo(y)te'',〔Simpson, J. A. and Weiner, E. S. C. (eds.), "flute, ''n.1''", ''Oxford English Dictionary'', second edition. 20 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press, 1989. ISBN 0198611862.〕 possibly from Old French ''flaute'' and from Old Provençal ''flaüt'',〔 or else from Old French ''fleüte'', ''flaüte'', ''flahute'' via Middle High German ''floite'' or Dutch ''fluit''. The English verb ''flout'' has the same linguistic root, and the modern Dutch verb ''fluiten'' still shares the two meanings.〔 Attempts to trace the word back to the Latin ''flare'' (to blow, inflate) have been pronounced "phonologically impossible" or "inadmissable".〔 The first known use of the word ''flute'' was in the 14th century.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Flute )〕 According to the ''Oxford English Dictionary'', this was in Geoffrey Chaucer's ''The Hous of Fame'', c.1380.〔 Today, a musician who plays any instrument in the flute family can be called a flutist (pronounced "FLEW-tist", most common in the US),〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Flutist )〕 or flautist (pronounced "FLAW-tist", most common in the UK),〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Flautist )〕 or simply a flute player (more neutrally). ''Flutist'' dates back to at least 1603, the earliest quote cited by the ''Oxford English Dictionary''. ''Flautist'' was used in 1860 by Nathaniel Hawthorne in ''The Marble Faun'', after being adopted during the 18th century from Italy (''flautista'', itself from ''flauto''), like many musical terms in England since the Italian Renaissance. Other English terms, now virtually obsolete, are ''fluter'' (15th–19th centuries)〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fluter (c.1400) )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fluter )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fluter )〕 and ''flutenist'' (17th–18th centuries).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Flutenist )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「flute」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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