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A folksonomy is a system in which users apply public tags to online items, typically to aid them in re-finding those items. This can give rise to a classification system based on those tags and their frequencies, in contrast to a taxonomic classification specified by the owners of the content when it is published. This practice is also known as collaborative tagging,〔Lambiotte, R, and M Ausloos. 2005. Collaborative tagging as a tripartite network. http://arxiv.org/abs/cs.DS/0512090.〕 social classification, social indexing, and social tagging. However, these terms have slightly different meanings than folksonomy. Folksonomy was originally “the result of personal free tagging of information () for one’s own retrieval.”.〔Vander Wal, Thomas. "Folksonomy Coinage and Definition". Retrieved October 25, 2015 from The term was coined by Thomas Vander Wal in 2004〔Vander Wal, T. (2005). "(Off the Top: Folksonomy Entries )." Visited November 5, 2005. See also: Smith, Gene. "(Atomiq: Folksonomy: social classification )." Aug 3, 2004. Retrieved January 1, 2007.〕〔http://vanderwal.net/folksonomy.html Origin of the term〕 as a portmanteau of ''folk'' and ''taxonomy''. Folksonomies became popular as part of social software applications such as social bookmarking and photograph annotation that enable users to collectively classify and find information via shared tags. Some websites include tag clouds as a way to visualize tags in a folksonomy. Folksonomies can be used for K-12 education, business, and higher education. More specifically, folksonomies may be implemented for social bookmarking, teacher resource repositories, e-learning systems, collaborative learning, collaborative research, and professional development. ==Elements and types== Folksonomies consist of three basic entities: users, tags, and resource. Users create tags to mark resources such as: web pages, photos, videos, and podcasts. These tags are used to manage, categorize and summarize online content. This collaborative tagging system also uses these tags as a way to index information, facilitate searches and navigate resources. Folksonomy also includes a set of URLs that are used to identify resources that have been referred to by users of different websites. These systems also include category schemes that have the ability to organize tags at different levels of granularity.〔Berlin, B. (1992). Ethnobiological Classification. Princeton: Princeton University Press.〕 Vander Wal identifies two types of folksonomy: broad and narrow. A broad folksonomy arises when multiple users can apply the same tag to an item, providing information about which tags are the most popular. A narrow folksonomy occurs when users, typically fewer in number and often including the item's creator, tag an item with tags that can each be applied only once. While both broad and narrow folksonomies enable the searchability of content by adding an associated word or phrase to an object, a broad folksonomy allows for sorting based on the popularity of each tag, as well as the tracking of emerging trends in tag usage and developing vocabularies.〔 An example of a broad folksonomy is del.icio.us, a website where users can tag any online resource they find relevant with their own personal tags. The photo-sharing website Flickr is an oft-cited example of a narrow folksonomy. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「folksonomy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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