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gamelan
Gamelan () is the traditional ensemble music of Java and Bali in Indonesia, made up predominantly of percussive instruments. The most common instruments used are metallophones played by mallets and a set of hand-played drums called ''kendhang'' which register the beat. Other instruments include xylophones, bamboo flutes, a bowed instrument called a ''rebab'', and even vocalists called ''sindhen''.〔Sumarsam (1998). (''Introduction to Javanese Gamelan'' ). Middletown.〕
Although the popularity of gamelan has declined since the introduction of pop music, gamelan is still commonly played on formal occasions and in many traditional Indonesian ceremonies. For most Indonesians, gamelan is an integral part of Indonesian culture.〔Bramantyo Prijosusilo, '(Indonesia needs the Harmony of the Gamelan' ), ''The Jakarta Globe'', 22 February 2011. 〕
==Terminology==
The word ''gamelan'' comes from the low Javanese word ''gamel'', which may refer to a type of mallet used to strike instruments or the act of striking with a mallet.〔〔Lindsay, Jennifer (1992). ''Javanese Gamelan'', p.10. ISBN 0-19-588582-1.〕 The term ''karawitan'' refers to the playing of gamelan instruments, and comes from the word ''rawit'', meaning 'intricate' or 'finely worked'.〔 The word derives from the Javanese word of Sanskrit origin, ''rawit'', which refers to the sense of smoothness and elegance idealized in Javanese music. Another word from this root, ''pangrawit'', means a person with such sense, and is used as an honorific when discussing esteemed gamelan musicians. The high Javanese word for ''gamelan'' is ''gangsa'', formed either from the words ''tembaga'' and ''rejasa'' referring to the materials used in bronze gamelan construction (copper and tin), or ''tiga'' and ''sedasa'' referring to their proportions (three and ten).〔Lindsay (1992), p.35.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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