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The garmon (, from garmonika (), which means "''harmonics''") is a kind of Russian button accordion, a free-reed wind instrument. A garmon has two rows of buttons on the right side, which play the notes of a diatonic scale, and at least two rows of buttons on the left side, which play the primary chords in the key of the instrument as well as its relative harmonic minor key. Many instruments have additional right-hand buttons with useful accidental notes, additional left-hand chords for playing in related keys, and a row of free-bass buttons, to facilitate playing of bass melodies. The garmons can be of two major classes: unisonoric, meaning that each button plays the same note or chord when the bellows is being expanded as it does when compressed, and bisonoric, in which the note depends on the direction of the bellowswork. Examples of unisonoric type are livenka (ливенка, after Livny, Oryol Oblast) and Khromka ((ロシア語:Хромка), for "chromatic"). Bisonoric garmons are, e.g., Tula accordion ((ロシア語:Тульская гармонь), after Tula) and talyanka (тальянка, "Italian") The garmon is an important musical instrument for Caucasian (Azeri, Georgian, Chechen, Cherkess, etc.) and Volgian (Tatar, Mari) folk and popular music. == Keyboard arrangement == Although reduced and expanded versions are widely available, the standard arrangement (known as "25 × 25") is as follows: *25 treble buttons in two rows: Three diatonic octaves plus three accidentals. *25 bass buttons in three rows: Two rows of eight buttons, with bass notes and chords; one free-bass row. The treble keyboard is arranged so that a scale may be played by alternating between the two rows. The low and high octaves have identical fingering, while the middle octave differs. The three accidental notes are arranged so as to mirror the position of the left-hand chords that contain them. The bass keyboard is arranged so that the principal chords for the major key are in the outer row, placed in circle of fifths order; the principal chords for the harmonic minor key are in the middle row; free bass notes are in the inner row. One free bass accidental note is included. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「garmon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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