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garnet
Garnets are a group of silicate minerals that have been used since the Bronze Age as gemstones and abrasives.
All species of garnets possess similar physical properties and crystal forms, but differ in chemical composition. The different species are pyrope, almandine, spessartine, grossular (varieties of which are hessonite or cinnamon-stone and tsavorite), uvarovite and andradite. The garnets make up two solid solution series: pyrope-almandine-spessartine and uvarovite-grossular-andradite.
==Etymology==
The word ''garnet'' comes from the 14th‑century Middle English word ''gernet'', meaning 'dark red'. It is derived from the Latin ''granatus,'' from ''granum'' ('grain, seed'). This is possibly a reference to ''mela granatum'' or even ''pomum granatum'' ('pomegranate',〔(pomegranate ). Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved on 2011-12-25.〕 ''Punica granatum''), a plant whose fruits contain abundant and vivid red seed covers (arils), which are similar in shape, size, and color to some garnet crystals.〔(garnet ). Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved on 2011-12-25.〕
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