| 翻訳と辞書 |
gauleiter
A ''Gauleiter'' ((:ˈɡaʊlaɪtɐ)) was the party leader of a regional branch of the NSDAP (more commonly known as the Nazi Party) or the head of a ''Gau'' or of a ''Reichsgau''. ''Gauleiter'' was the second highest Nazi Party paramilitary rank, subordinate only to the higher rank ''Reichsleiter'' and to the position of ''Führer''. During World War II, the rank of ''Gauleiter'' was obtained only by direct appointment from Adolf Hitler.
==Creation and early usage==
The first use of the term ''Gauleiter'' by the Nazi Party was in 1925 after Adolf Hitler refounded the Nazi party following the failed Beer Hall Putsch. The name derives from the German word ''Leiter'' (meaning ''leader'') and ''Gau'', which was an old word for a region of the German ''Reich''. The original term Gau may also be traced to the Frankish word ''Gaugraf'', translating closely to the English word "shire". ''Gau'' was one of many archaic words from medieval German history that the Nazis revived for their own purposes.
In the earliest days of the term's existence, ''Gauleiters'' were heads of election districts during a time period when the Nazis were attempting to gain political representation in the Weimar Republic. ''Gauleiters'' oversaw several ''Politische Leiters'' (Political Leaders) who assisted the Nazis with election campaigns and hosted senior Nazis (such as Hitler) on campaign tours.
In 1928, a mid-level official known as a ''Kreisleiter'' was introduced as an intermediary between the ''Gauleiter'' and the Political Leaders. In 1930, as the Nazis attempted to organize on a national level, ''Gauleiters'' were themselves subordinated to a new official known as a ''Landesinspektor'', in charge of all Nazi Gaus in a particular German state. It was also at this time that a standard political uniform was created for the ''Gauleiter'', consisting of a brown Nazi Party shirt and Army style collar bars with braided shoulder cords.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「gauleiter」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|