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''Gerbera'' ( or ) L. is a genus of plants in the Asteraceae (daisy family). It was named in honour of German botanist and medical doctor Traugott Gerber〔(Gerbera.org )〕 | (1710-1743) who travelled extensively in Russia and was a friend of Carolus Linnaeus.〔''Sunset Western Garden Book,'' 1995:606–607〕 ''Gerbera'' is native to tropical regions of South America, Africa and Asia. The first scientific description of a ''Gerbera'' was made by J.D. Hooker in ''Curtis's Botanical Magazine'' in 1889 when he described ''Gerbera jamesonii'', a South African species also known as Transvaal daisy or Barberton Daisy. ''Gerbera'' is also commonly known as the African Daisy. ''Gerbera'' species bear a large capitulum with striking, two-lipped ray florets in yellow, orange, white, pink or red colours. The capitulum, which has the appearance of a single flower, is actually composed of hundreds of individual flowers. The morphology of the flowers varies depending on their position in the capitulum. The flower heads can be as small as 7 cm (Gerbera mini 'Harley') in diameter or up to 12 cm (Gerbera ‘Golden Serena’). ''Gerbera'' is very popular and widely used as a decorative garden plant or as cut flowers. The domesticated cultivars are mostly a result of a cross between ''Gerbera jamesonii'' and another South African species ''Gerbera viridifolia''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】author=Isabel Johnson )〕 The cross is known as ''Gerbera hybrida''. Thousands of cultivars exist. They vary greatly in shape and size. Colours include white, yellow, orange, red, and pink. The centre of the flower is sometimes black. Often the same flower can have petals of several different colours. ''Gerbera'' is also important commercially. It is the fifth most used cut flower in the world (after rose, carnation, chrysanthemum, and tulip). It is also used as a model organism in studying flower formation. ''Gerbera'' contains naturally occurring coumarin derivatives. ''Gerbera'' is a tender perennial plant. It is attractive to bees, butterflies and/or birds, but resistant to deer.〔http://njaes.rutgers.edu/deerresistance/〕 Their soil should be kept moist but not soaked. ;Species〔(Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist )〕 ;Formerly included〔 Numerous species once considered members of ''Gerbera'' are now regarded as more suited to other genera: ''Chaptalia'', ''Leibnitzia'', ''Mairia'', ''Perdicium'', ''Trichocline'', and ''Uechtritzia''. File:Gerbera viridifolia, Waterberg.jpg|''Gerbera viridifolia'' File:BarbertonDaisy.jpg|''Gerbera jamesonii'' File:Gerbera by kadavoor.JPG|''Gerbera'' × ''hybrida'' File:Gerber Daisy3.jpg| Red Gerbera Daisies File:Gerbera with pink and white petals.jpg|Gerbera with pink and white petals File:Gerbera Jamesonii - flower view 01.jpg|''Gerbera Jamesonii'' in Orange ==References== * Hansen, Hans V. A taxonomic revision of the genus ''Gerbera'' (Compositae, Mutisieae) sections ''Gerbera'', ''Parva'', ''Piloselloides'' (in Africa), and ''Lasiopus'' (Opera botanica. No. 78; 1985), ISBN 87-88702-04-9. * Nesom, G .L. 2004. Response to "The ''Gerbera'' complex (Asteraceae, Mutisieae): to split or not to split" by Liliana Katinas. ''Sida'' 21:941–942. * Bremer K. 1994: ''Asteraceae: cladistics and classification''. Timber Press: Portland, Oregon. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「gerbera」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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