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ginger
Ginger (''Zingiber officinale'' Roscoe) is a flowering plant in the family Zingiberaceae whose rhizome, ginger root or simply ginger, is widely used as a spice or a folk medicine.
It is a herbaceous perennial which grows annual stems about a meter tall bearing narrow green leaves and yellow flowers. Ginger is indigenous to south China, and was spread eventually to the Spice Islands, other parts of Asia and subsequently to West Africa.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Spices: Exotic Flavors & Medicines: Ginger )〕 Ginger was exported to Europe via India in the first century AD as a result of the lucrative spice trade and was used extensively by the Romans.〔 India is now the largest producer of ginger.〔〔(Ginger History )〕
Other members of the family Zingiberaceae include turmeric, cardamom, and galangal. The distantly related dicots in the genus ''Asarum'' are commonly called wild ginger because of their similar taste.
==Etymology==
The origin of "ginger" is from the mid-14th century, from Old English ''gingifer'', from Medieval Latin ''gingiber'', from Latin ''zingiberi'', from Greek ''zingiberis'', from Prakrit (Middle Indic) ''singabera'', from Sanskrit ''srngaveram'', from ''srngam'' "horn" + ''vera''- "body", from the shape of its root. But this may be Sanskrit folk etymology, and the word may be from an ancient Dravidian name that also produced the Tamil and Malayalam name for the spice, ''inchi-ver'', from ''inchi'' "root." cf. gin (v.). The word probably was readopted in Middle English from Old French ''gingibre'' (modern French ''gingembre'').〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=ginger )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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