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goonda
Goonda is a term in Indian English, Pakistani English, and Bangladeshi English for a hired thug. It is both a colloquial term and defined and used in laws, generally referred to as Goonda Acts.
==Etymology==
The word Goonda comes from the Tamil word Goondan or Goondar (குண்டன் / குண்டர்)〔TAMIL LEXICON; VOL II., PART I;, UNIVERSITY OF MADRAS, 1982, PAGE 978〕"Goonda" probably comes from the Hindustani word ''guṇḍā'' ((ヒンディー語:गुण्डा), (ウルドゥー語:گنڐا), "rascal").〔 There is also a Marathi word ''guṇḍā'' () with a similar meaning, attested as early as the 17th century, and possibly ultimately having Dravidian roots. Another theory suggests that it originates from the English word "goon". However, the first English-language appearance of "goonda" (in British newspapers of the 1920s, with the spelling "goondah") predates the use of "goon" to mean criminal, a semantic change which seems to go back only as far as the 1930s comic strip character Alice the Goon.〔 A related term is "goonda-gardi", roughly meaning "bully-boy tactics". Another is "goonda tax", referring to bribes or money extorted in a protection racket.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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