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:''For the town in Nepal see Gothi, Nepal'' A goði or gothi (plural goðar) is the Old Norse term for a priest and chieftain. Gyðja signifies a priestess. During the Viking Age, the ''goði'' was originally a heathen priest. After the Settlement in Iceland, the ''hofgoði'' was a temple priest; this was usually a wealthy and respected man in his district, for he had to maintain the communal hall or ''hof'' in which community religious observances and feasts were held. The area over which a ''goði'' had leadership was termed a ''goðorð''. Over time, and especially after 1000, when the Christian conversion occurred in Iceland, the term ''goði'' lost its sacred connotations and came to mean simply "chieftain". ==Etymology== The name appears in Wulfila's Gothic language translation of the Bible as ''gudja'' for "priest", but in Old Norse it is only the feminine form ''gyðja'' that perfectly corresponds to the Gothic form.〔(''An Icelandic-English dictionary'' ) by Richard Cleasby and Gudbrand Vigfusson (1874) p. 208.〕 The corresponding masculine Old Norse form would have been an unattested * *''gyði''.〔 In Scandinavia there are surviving early attestations in the Proto-Norse form ''gudija'' from the Norwegian Nordhuglo runestone (Rundata N KJ65 U),〔The article ''gotiska'' in ''Nationalencyklopedin'' (1992)〕 and in the later Old Norse form ''goði'' from two Danish runestones, the Glavendrup stone (DR 209) and the Helnæs Runestone (DR 190).〔 There are also a few placenames, such as ''Gudby'' in Södermanland, Sweden, that probably retain the name.〔Hellquist 1966:308〕 Otherwise, there are no further surviving attestations except from Iceland where the ''goðar'' would be of historical significance. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「gothi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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