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goulash
Goulash ((ハンガリー語:gulyás)) is a soup or stew of meat and vegetables, seasoned with paprika and other spices.〔page 20〕 Originating from the medieval Kingdom of Hungary, goulash is also a popular meal in Central Europe, Scandinavia and Southern Europe.
Its origin traces back to the 9th century to stews eaten by Hungarian shepherds.〔 Back then, the cooked and flavored meat was dried with the help of the sun and packed into bags produced from sheep's stomachs, needing only water to make it into a meal.〔(Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia ), Britannica Educational Publishing, 2013, p. 94〕 It is one of the national dishes of Hungary and a symbol of the country.〔Gil Marks, (Encyclopedia of Jewish Food ), John Wiley & Sons, 2010, p. 234〕〔(Food Journeys of a Lifetime: Top Ten Great National Dishes | Away.com )〕
==Etymology==
The name originates from the Hungarian "''gulyás''" . The word "''gulya''" means "''herd of cattle''" in Hungarian, and "''gulyás''" means "''herdsman''" or "cowboy".〔William White, (Notes and queries, Volume 126 ), Oxford University Press, 1912〕〔Judith Petres Balogh, (This Old House by the Lake ), Trafford Publishing, 2006, p. 244〕
The word gulyás originally meant only "herdsman", but over time the dish became gulyáshús (goulash meat) – that is to say, a meat dish which was prepared by herdsmen. Today, gulyás refers both to the herdsmen, and to the soup. From the Middle Ages until well into the 19th century, the Puszta was the home of massive herds of cattle. They were driven, in their tens of thousands, to Europe’s biggest cattle markets in Moravia, Vienna, Nuremberg and Venice. The herdsmen made sure that there were always some cattle that had to be slaughtered along the way, the flesh of which provided them with gulyáshús.〔(MrGoulash.com - Goulash A plate of Hungarian history )〕〔Anikó Gergely, Culinaria Hungary (), H.f. Ullmann, 2008.10.15. - p. 318〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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