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A gradiometer measures the gradient (numerical rate of change) of a physical quantity, such as a magnetic field or gravity.〔http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gradiometer〕 ==Types of gradiometer== There are at least two types of gradiometer to measure magnetic fields: # ''Axial gradiometer''. Such a device consists of two magnetometers placed in series (i.e. one above the other). The result coming from the device is the difference in magnetic flux at that point in space (a.k.a. first spatial derivative). # ''Planar gradiometer''. Such a device consists of two magnetometers placed next to each other. The result coming from the device is the difference in flux between the two loops. Each sensor type responds differently to certain spatial signals. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「gradiometer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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