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Gringo (, , ) is a term, mainly used in Spanish-speaking and in Portuguese-speaking countries, to refer to any foreigner. The word was originally used in Spain to denote any foreign, non-native speakers of Spanish.〔(Diccionario de la lengua española ), Royal Spanish Academy, 22nd. edition〕 ==Etymology== The word ''gringo'' was first recorded in Volume II of〔http://books.google.com/books?id=1SU3vKYK7pcC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Diccionario+castellano+con+las+voces+de+Ciencias+y+Artes+y+sus+correspondientes+en+las+3+lenguas+francesa,+latina+e+italiana&hl=en&sa=X&ei=srvqUqnlMITNsQTNk4LACA&ved=0CEUQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false〕 the ''Diccionario castellano con las voces de Ciencias y Artes y sus correspondientes en las 3 lenguas francesa, latina e italiana'' (Castilian Dictionary including the Words of the Sciences and the Arts, and their Correspondents in 3 Languages: French, Latin, and Italian, 1787), by Terreros y Pando, wherein it is defined as: GRINGOS, llaman en Málaga a los extranjeros, que tienen cierta especie de acento, que los priva de una locución fácil, y natural Castellana; y en Madrid dan el mismo, y por la misma causa con particularidad a los irlandeses. The dominant view among etymologists is that ''gringo'' is most likely a variant of ''griego'' ‘Greek’ speech (''cf.'' Greek to me). A purported problem with this theory is that such usage of "gringo" in Spain had to do with peoples who originated in the eastern Mediterranean, rather than the northern European stock that dominated in the United States. However, the word ''gringo'' originated in Spain long before there was a Spanish-speaking Mexico and at one time, the word in Spain was often used to refer specifically to the Irish. And according to a 1787 dictionary, it often referred to someone who spoke Spanish poorly. It has also been suggested that ''griego'' > ''gringo'' is phonetically unlikely, because the derivation requires two steps: (i) griego > grigo, and (ii) grigo > gringo. Instead it is claimed that ''gringo'' might derive from Caló, the language of the Romani people of Spain, as a variant of ''(pere)gringo'' ‘peregrine’, ‘wayfarer’, and ‘stranger’.〔Irving L. Allen, ''The Language of Ethnic Conflict: Social Organization and Lexical Culture'', 1983, ISBN 0-231-05557-9, p. 129〕〔William Sayers, "An Unnoticed Early Attestation of gringo ‘Foreigner’: Implications for Its Origin", in the ''Bulletin of Spanish Studies'' 86:3:323 (2009)〕〔''Griego'' at ''Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico'', Vol. III, Joan Corominas, José A. Pascual, Editorial Gredos, Madrid, 1989, ISBN 84-249-1365-5〕〔(Urban Legends Reference Pages )〕〔(Ask Yahoo: How did the term "gringo" originate? )〕 The ''gringo'' entry in the ''Nuevo diccionario francés-español'' (New French–Spanish Dictionary, 1817), by Antonio de Capmany, records:〔''Hebreu'' at ''Nuevo diccionario francés-español'', Antonio de Capmany, Imprenta de Sancha, Madrid, 1817〕 Moreover, besides “Hablar en gringo”, Spanish also contains the analogous phrase “hablar en chino (To speak in Chinese)”, when referring to someone whose language is difficult to understand, thereby re-enforcing the notion that alluding to the languages of other nations is a cliché. Furthermore, in the 1840s, Johann Jakob von Tschudi said that ''gringo'' was common Peruvian Spanish usage in Lima: 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「gringo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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