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guinguette
Guinguettes were popular drinking establishments located in the suburbs of Paris and other cities in France. Guinguettes would also serve as restaurants and, often, as dance venues. The origin of the term comes from ''guinguet'', indicating a sour white light local wine.〔The 1750 ''Dictionnaire de la langue français'', defined Guinguette as a "Small cabaret in the suburbs and the surrounds of Paris, where craftsmen drink in the summer and on Sundays and on Festival days. This term is new. It comes apparently from what are sold in these cabarets: a malicious light local green wine , that is called ''ginguet'', such as found around Paris." The 1930 ''Le Larousse du XXe siècle'' defines it as "(unknown origin). Cabaret of the suburbs, where people drink, eat and dance on feast days." ((Histoire et patrimoine des guinguettes et des bords de Marne ))〕 A ''Goguette'' was a similar kind of establishment.
==History==
During the 18th century, a consumer revolution led once isolated villages and hamlets outside Paris to be swept up in a booming material culture. Commodities, and particularly alcohol, consumed outside the customs barrier of the city were considerably cheaper, being exempt from state taxes. This encouraged the growth of an entertainment industry just beyond the taxman's reach and a network of drinking establishments was established. They were especially popular on Sundays and holidays, when Parisians would visit to enjoy themselves and to get drunk cheaply.〔Colin Jones ''Paris - Biography of a City'', p226, Allen Lane 2004, ISBN 0-7139-9321-9〕 Today, the term 'guingette' is still used for a waterside refreshment stand, particularly open-air, all over France.〔Henri Joannis Deberne, ''Danser en société'', Christine Bonneton editor, 3/1999, Paris ISBN 2-86253-229-0〕
The development of railways in the 1880s and the establishment of the station of "Gare de La Bastille" with many trains to the east suburbs of Paris (such as Nogent sur Marne) contributed to the success of guinguettes.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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