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haibun
is a prosimetric literary form originating in Japan, combining prose and haiku. The range of ''haibun'' is broad and frequently includes autobiography, diary, essay, prose poem,〔Keene, Donald, 1999. ''Dawn to the West: A History of Japanese Literature, Volume 4 (Japanese Literature of the Modern Era - Poetry, Drama, Criticism)'', p.233. New York: Columbia University Press.〕 short story and travel journal.
==History==
The term "''haibun''" was first used by the 17th-century Japanese poet Matsuo Bashō, in a letter to his disciple Kyorai in 1690.〔Shirane, Haruo. ''Traces of Dreams: Landscape, Cultural Memory, and the Poetry of Bashō''. Stanford University Press, 1998. ISBN 9780804730990. p212〕 Bashō was a prominent early writer of ''haibun'', then a new genre combining classical prototypes, Chinese prose genres and vernacular subject matter and language.〔 He wrote some ''haibun'' as travel accounts during his various journeys, the most famous of which is ''Oku no Hosomichi'' (''Narrow Road to the Interior'').
Bashō's shorter ''haibun'' include compositions devoted to travel and others focusing on character sketches, landscape scenes, anecdotal vignettes and occasional writings written to honor a specific patron or event. His ''Hut of the Phantom Dwelling'' can be classified as an essay while, in ''Saga Nikki'' (''Saga Diary''), he documents his day-to-day activities with his disciples on a summer retreat.
Traditional ''haibun'' typically took the form of a short description of a place, person or object, or a diary of a journey or other series of events in the poet's life.〔 ''Haibun'' continued to be written by later ''haikai'' poets such as Yosa Buson,〔Shirane, Haruo. ''Early Modern Japanese Literature: An Anthology, 1600-1900.'' Columbia University Press, 2008. ISBN 9780231144155. p553〕 Kobayashi Issa〔Ueda, Makoto. ''Dew on the Grass: The Life and Poetry of Kobayashi Issa''. Brill, 2004. ISBN 9789004137233. p. 15〕 and Masaoka Shiki〔Ross, Bruce. "North American Versions of Haibun and Postmodern American Culture" in Hakutani, Yoshinobu, ed. ''Postmodernity and Cross-Culturalism.'' Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press, 2002. ISBN 9780838639085. p169〕
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