|
are a type of traditional Japanese clothing. They were originally worn only by men, but today they are worn by both sexes. ''Hakama'' are tied at the waist and fall approximately to the ankles. ''Hakama'' are worn over a kimono (hakamashita). There are two types of ''hakama'', divided and undivided . The ''umanori'' type have divided legs, similar to trousers. Both these types appear similar. A "mountain" or "field" type of umanori ''hakama'' was traditionally worn by field or forest workers. They are looser in the waist and narrower in the leg. ''Hakama'' are secured by four straps (''himo''): two longer ''himo'' attached on either side of the front of the garment, and two shorter ''himo'' attached on either side of the rear. The rear of the garment has a rigid trapezoidal section, called a . Below that on the inside is a ''hakama-dome'' (袴止め) (a spoon-shaped component sometimes referred to as a ''hera'') which is tucked into the obi or ''himo'' at the rear, and helps to keep the ''hakama'' in place. ''Hakama'' have seven deep pleats, two on the back and five on the front. The pleats are said to represent the seven virtues of bushido, considered essential to the samurai way. Although they appear balanced, the arrangement of the front pleats (three to the right, two to the left) is asymmetrical, and as such is an example of asymmetry in Japanese aesthetics. ==Men's ''hakama''== The most formal type of men's ''hakama'' are made of stiff, striped silk, usually black and white, or black and navy blue. These are worn with black ''montsuki'' kimono (kimono with one, three, or five family coats of arms on the back, chest, and shoulders), white tabi (divided-toe socks), white nagajuban (under-kimono) and various types of footwear. In cooler weather, a ''montsuki'' haori (long jacket) with a white ''haori-himo'' (haori-fastener) completes the outfit. ''Hakama'' can be worn with any type of kimono except yukata (light cotton summer kimono generally worn for relaxing, for sleeping, or at festivals or summer outings). While striped ''hakama'' are usually worn with formal kimono, stripes in colours other than black, grey and white may be worn with less formal wear. Solid and graduated colours are also common. While ''hakama'' used to be a required part of men's wear, nowadays typical Japanese men usually wear ''hakama'' only on extremely formal occasions and at tea ceremonies, weddings, and funerals. ''Hakama'' are also regularly worn by practitioners of a variety of martial arts, such as Kendo, Iaido, Taido, Aikido, Jodo, Ryu-te, and Kyudo. Sumo wrestlers, who do not wear ''hakama'' in the context of their sport, are, however, required to wear traditional Japanese dress whenever they appear in public. As ''hakama'' are one of the most important parts of traditional male formal dress, sumo wrestlers are often seen wearing ''hakama'' when attending appropriately formal functions. In addition to martial artists, ''hakama'' are also part of the everyday wear of Shinto kannushi, priests who maintain and perform services at shrines. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「hakama」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|