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Hamartiology (from Greek: ἁμαρτία, ''hamartia'', "missing the mark, error" and -λογια, ''-logia,'' "study"), a branch of Christian theology, studies sin.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Hamartiology - Define Hamartiology at Dictionary.com )〕 ==Original sin== Substantial branches of hamartiological understanding, including Roman Catholic, Presbyterian, Continental Reformed, and Reformed Baptist subscribe to the doctrine of original sin, which the Apostle Paul espouses in and which Augustine of Hippo popularized in the West and developed into a notion of "hereditary guilt". The North African bishop taught that God holds all the descendants of Adam and Eve accountable for Adam's sin of rebellion, and as such all people deserve God's wrath and condemnation – apart from any actual sins they personally commit.〔Bavink, Herman. ''Reformed Dogmatics'' Vol. 3. (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2004) Pages 75-125 detail the historical development of Hamartiology, including Pelagius's position and the mediating positions)〕 In contrast, a view sometimes ascribed to Pelagius states that humans enter life as moral "blank slates" (''tabulae rasae'') responsible for their own moral nature. The Fall that occurred when Adam and Eve disobeyed God, according to Pelagianism, affected humankind only minimally as it established a negative moral precedent. Few contemporary theologians (especially thinkers in Augustinian traditions) and no orthodox theologians, however, continue to hold this hamartiological viewpoint. A third branch of thinking takes an intermediate position, asserting that since the Fall the sin of Adam has naturally impacted human beings such that they have inborn tendencies to rebel against God (in which rebellion by personal choice all accountable humans, except Jesus, will choose or have chosen to indulge). This is the hamartiological position of the Eastern Christian churches, often called ancestral sin as opposed to original sin, but it is sometimes viewed as Semipelagian in the West, especially by the Reformed. How individual Christians believe that either a literal or metaphorical "Fall" has impacted humanity typically forms the foundation for their views on related theological concepts such as salvation, justification, and sanctification. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「hamartiology」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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