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''Harki'' (adjective from the Arabic ''harka'', standard Arabic ''haraka'' حركة, "war party" or "movement", i.e., a group of volunteers, especially soldiers) is the generic term for Muslim Algerian loyalists who served as Auxiliaries in the French Army during the Algerian War from 1954 to 1962. The phrase sometimes is applied to all Algerian Muslims who supported the French presence in Algeria during this war. In France, the term is used to designate the ''Franco-musulmans rapatriés'' ("repatriated French Muslims") community living in the country since 1962, and its metropolitan-born descendants. In this sense, the term ''Harki'' now refers to a distinct ethnocultural group, i.e. French Muslims of Algerian Descent, distinct from other French of Algerian origin or Algerians living in France. As of 2012, the Harkis and their descendants represent around 800,000 people in France.〔("Les harkis montrent les dents" ), ''Le Point,'' 24 January 2012〕 President Jacques Chirac established 25 September 2001 as the Day of National Recognition for the Harkis. On 14 April 2012, President Nicolas Sarkozy recognized France's "historical responsibility" in abandoning Harki Algerian veterans at the time of the war.〔(Sarkozy admits France abandoned Algerian loyalists ), France 24, 14 April 2012〕 == Before the Algerian conflict == Muslim Algerians had served in large numbers as regular soldiers with the French ''Armée d'Afrique'' (Army of Africa) from 1830 as ''spahis'' (cavalry) and ''tirailleurs'' (lit. skirmisher, i.e. infantry). They played an important part during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870 and especially World War I (1914–1918), when 100,000 died in fighting against the Germans. During World War II, after the rearmament of the French Army accomplished by the US forces in North Africa in 1942–1943, North African troops serving with the French Army numbered about 233,000 (more than 50% of the French Army effectives). They made a major contribution during the liberation of Southern France and the campaigns in Italy (French Expeditionary Corps) and Germany of 1944–45. ''Tirailleurs'' from Algeria, Morocco and West Africa fought in Indochina, as part of the French Expeditionary Force, until the Fall of Dien Bien Phu (1954). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「harki」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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