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heiti
A heiti (Old Norse ''heiti'' , Modern Icelandic (:heiːtɪ), pl. ''heiti'' "name, appellation, designation, term"〔Faulkes (1998, b), p. 306.〕) is a synonym used in Old Norse poetry in place of the normal word for something. For instance, Old Norse poets might use ''jór'' "steed" instead of the prosaïc ''hestr'' "horse".
==Heiti and kennings==
In the modern sense, heiti are distinguished from kennings in that a heiti is a simple word, whereas a kenning is a circumlocution in the form of a phrase or compound word; thus ''mækir'' is a heiti for "sword" (the usual word in prose is ''sverð''), whereas ''grand hlífar'' "bane of shield" and ''ben-fúrr'' "wound-fire" are kennings for "sword".
However, Snorri Sturluson, writing in the 13th century, understood heiti in a broader sense that could include kennings. Snorri termed simple words, poetic or otherwise, ''ókend heiti'' "unqualified terms". These he distinguished from circumlocutions, ''kend heiti'' "qualified terms" (i.e. kennings).〔Faulkes (1998 a), p. xxxiv.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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