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hemiola
In music, hemiola (also hemiolia) is the ratio 3:2. The equivalent Latin term is sesquialtera.
==Etymology==
The word ''hemiola'' comes from the Greek adjective ἡμιόλιος, ''hemiolios'', meaning "containing one and a half," "half as much again," "in the ratio of one and a half to one (3:2), as in musical sounds."〔Henry George Liddell and Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', 9th edition (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1940).〕
The words "hemiola" and "sesquialtera" both signify the ratio 3:2, and in music were first used to describe relations of pitch. Dividing the string of a monochord in this ratio produces the interval of a perfect fifth. Beginning in the 15th century, both words were also used to describe rhythmic relationships—specifically the substitution (usually through the use of coloration—red notes in place of black ones, or black in place of "white", hollow noteheads) of three imperfect notes (divided into two parts) for two perfect ones (divided into three parts) in ''tempus perfectum'' or in ''prolatio maior''.〔Don Michael Randel, "Hemiola, hemiolia", ''The Harvard Dictionary of Music'', fourth edition. Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2003, ISBN 978-0-674-01163-2; Julian Rushton, "Hemiola ()", ''The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians'', second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers, 2001.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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