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Hemopericardium refers to blood in the pericardial sac of the heart. It is clinically similar to a pericardial effusion, and, depending on the volume and rapidity with which it develops, may cause cardiac tamponade.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Forensic Pathology )〕 The condition can be caused by full-thickness necrosis (death) of the myocardium (heart muscle) after myocardial infarction, chest trauma, and by over-prescription of anticoagulants. Other causes include ruptured aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva and other aneurysms of the aortic arch.〔Gray's Anatomy, 1902 ed.〕 Hemopericardium can be diagnosed with a chest X-ray or a chest ultrasound, and is most commonly treated with pericardiocentesis.〔 While hemopericardium itself is not deadly, it can lead to cardiac tamponade, a condition that is fatal if left untreated.〔 ==Mechanism== Hemopericardium is a condition that affects the cardiovascular system. It typically begins with blood accumulating in the pericardial sac posterior to the heart, and eventually expands to surround the entire heart. The fluid build-up then causes pressure within the pericardial sac to increase. If the pressure becomes greater than the intracardiac pressure of the heart, compression of the adjacent cardiac chambers can occur.〔 This compression, called cardiac tamponade, is often associated with hemopericardium and can be fatal if not diagnosed and treated promptly.〔 Early signs of this compression include right atrial inversion during ventricular systole followed by diastolic compression of the right ventricular outflow tract.〔 There have also been cases reported in which hemopericardium was noted as an initial manifestation of essential thrombocythemia. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「hemopericardium」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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