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The hennin was a headdress in the shape of a cone or "steeple", or truncated cone worn in the late Middle Ages by European women of the nobility.〔"Cornet" from Herbert Norris, ''Medieval costume and fashion'' 1999 (orig 1927 :445–48.〕 They were most common in Burgundy and France, but also elsewhere, especially at the English courts,〔Norris shows examplesfrom the reigns of Henry VI and Edward IV〕 and in Northern Europe, Hungary and Poland. They are little seen in Italy. It is unclear what styles the word ''hennin'' described at the time, though it is recorded as being used in French in 1428, probably before the conical style appeared. The word does not appear in English until the 19th century.〔OED, "Hennin"〕 The term is therefore used by some writers on costume for other female head-dresses of the period.〔Piponnier and Mane are among the writers who use it, just for conical head-dresses, p. 80〕 == Conical hennins == These appear from about 1430 onwards,〔Piponnier & Mane, 80〕 especially after the mid-century, initially only among aristocratic women, though later spreading more widely, especially in the truncated form. Typically, the hennin was 12 to 18 inches (30 to 45 cm) high, but might be considerably higher, as much as 36 inches according to some sources. The tops of some of these conical hats were pointed while others were truncated, ending in a flat top. It was generally accompanied by a veil, formally termed a cointoise, that usually emerged from the top of the cone and was allowed to fall onto the woman's shoulders or even to the ground, or was pulled forward over the hennin, often reaching over the woman's face. The hennin was worn tilted backward at an angle. It was made of light material, often card or a wire mesh over which a light fabric was fixed, although little is known of the details of their construction. There was often a cloth lappet, or "cornet" in French,〔some use "cornet" as a term for the conical element also.〕 in front of the hennin covering part of the brow, and sometimes falling onto the shoulders to either side. There is very often a "frontlet" or short loop seen on the forehead (right), to adjust the hennin forward, and perhaps even to hold it on in wind.〔M. Vibbert, "Headdresses of the 14th and 15th Centuries," ''The Compleat Anachronist'', No. 133, SCA monograph series (August 2006)〕 It was fashionable to pluck or shave the forehead to raise the hairlines.〔"A New Look for Women." Arts and Humanities Through the Eras. Gale. 2005. Retrieved August 13, 2012 from HighBeam Research: http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G2-3427400451.html〕 The hair was tied tightly on the scalp and usually hidden inside the cone (possibly one end of the veil was tied to the hair and wrapped round, with the free end being pulled through the hole at the tip of the cone). However some images show long hair worn loose behind the hennin. Nowadays, the hennin forms part of the costume of the stereotypical fairy tale princess. There are some manuscript illuminations that show princesses or queens wearing small crowns either round the brim or at the top of the hennin; it is likely that the very small crown of Margaret of York, Duchess of Burgundy (now in the Treasury of Aachen Cathedral) was worn like this for her famously lavish wedding celebrations in 1468. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「hennin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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