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hird
The hird, in Norwegian history, was originally an informal retinue of personal armed companions,〔For this Germanic tradition the German generic term ''Gefolgschaft'' 'body of followers' is also used in modern literature; it was even adopted by powerful Romans in the late empire, by such Latin names as ''bucellarii'' or the more common ''comitatus''.〕 hirdmen or housecarls, but came to mean not only the nucleus ('Guards') of the royal army, but also developed into a more formal royal court household.
== Etymology ==
The term comes from Old Norse ''hirð'', again from either Old English ''hir(e)d'' 'household, family, retinue, court'〔See for instance, 'hirð' in Cleasby-Vigfusson, ''Icelandic-English Dictionary'', (online copy )〕 or perhaps the old German cognate ''heirat'' 'marriage', both of which can mean "body of men".
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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