|
Holi (; (サンスクリット:होली) ''Holī'') is a spring festival, also known as the festival of colours or the festival of love.〔〔The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998) ISBN 0-19-861263-X - p.874 "Holi /'həʊli:/ noun a Hindu spring festival ...".〕 It is an ancient Hindu religious festival which has become popular with non-Hindus in many parts of South Asia, as well as people of other communities outside Asia.〔Ebeling, Karin (2010), Holi, an Indian Festival, and its Reflection in English Media; Die Ordnung des Standard und die Differenzierung der Diskurse: Akten des 41. Linguistischen Kolloquiums in Mannheim 2006, 1, 107, ISBN 978-3631599174〕 It is primarily observed in India, Nepal, and other regions of the world with significant populations of Hindus or people of Indian origin. In recent years the festival has spread to parts of Europe and North America as a spring celebration of love, frolic, and colours.〔(A Spring Celebration of Love Moves to the Fall — and Turns Into a Fight ) Gabriele Steinhauser, The Wall Street Journal (October 3, 2013)〕〔(Holi Festivals Spread Far From India ) The Wall Street Journal (2013)〕〔(Holi Festival of Colours ) Visit Berlin, Germany (2012)〕 Holi celebrations start on the night before Holi with a Holika bonfire where people gather, sing and dance. The next morning is a free-for-all carnival of colours,〔 where participants play, chase and colour each other with dry powder and coloured water, with some carrying water guns and coloured water-filled balloons for their water fight. Anyone and everyone is fair game, friend or stranger, rich or poor, man or woman, children and elders. The frolic and fight with colours occurs in the open streets, open parks, outside temples and buildings. Groups carry drums and musical instruments, go from place to place, sing and dance. People visit family, friends and foes to throw colours on each other, laugh and chit-chat, then share Holi delicacies, food and drinks. Some drinks are intoxicating. For example, Bhang, an intoxicating ingredient made from cannabis leaves, is mixed into drinks and sweets and consumed by many.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/High-on-Holi-with-bhang/articleshow/4245535.cms )〕〔Ankita Rao,even it is a holi festival it is celebrated by different people of different religions (India's 'High' Holiday ) The Atlantic (17 March 2014)〕 In the evening, after sobering up, people dress up and visit friends and family.〔〔 Holi is celebrated at the approach of the vernal equinox,〔 on the Phalguna Purnima (Full Moon). The festival date varies every year, per the Hindu calendar, and typically comes in March, sometimes February in the Gregorian Calendar. The festival signifies the victory of good over evil, the arrival of spring, end of winter, and for many a festive day to meet others, play and laugh, forget and forgive, and repair broken relationships, and is also celebrated as a thanksgiving for a good harvest.〔〔 ==History and Significance== There is a symbolic legend to explain why Holi is celebrated as a festival of colours. The word "Holi" originates from "Holika", the evil sister of the demon king Hiranyakashipu. The festival itself is believed to have origins from the Prahlada-Puri Temple〔 (Sohaib Arshad The Friday Times 31 12 2010 )〕 of Multan in the Punjab region. 〔A White Trail: A Journey into the heart of Pakistan's Religious Minorities by HAROON KHALID ()〕 The original temple of Prahladpuri is said to have been built by Prahlada, Hiranyakashipu's son. King Hiranyakashipu,〔Kabir's brother-disciple Raidas in his poetry, ''Prahlad charita'', refers to Hiranyakashipu as the king of Multan and Prahlad as his son; David Lorenzen, (1996), SUNY Press, p. 18, (Praises to a Formless God: Nirguni Texts from North India )〕 according to legend, was the King of Multan〔(Sanujit Ghose. Legend of Ram–Retold. PublishAmerica )〕 and had earned a boon that made him virtually indestructible. He grew arrogant, thought he was God, and demanded that everyone worship only him.〔(Holi: Splashed with colors of friendship ) Hinduism Today, Hawaii (2011)〕 Hiranyakashipu's own son, Prahlada,〔(Prahlad and Holika Katha (Kahani) in Hindi )〕 however, disagreed. He was and remained devoted to Vishnu.〔Constance Jones, Holi, in J Gordon Melton (Editor), Religious Celebrations: An Encyclopedia of Holidays Festivals Solemn Observances and Spiritual Commemorations, ISBN 978-1598842067〕 This infuriated Hiranyakashipu. He subjected Prahlada to cruel punishments, none of which affected the boy or his resolve to do what he thought was right. Finally, Holika - Prahlada's evil aunt - tricked him into sitting on a pyre with her.〔 Holika was wearing a cloak that made her immune to injury from fire, while Prahlada was not. As the fire roared, the cloak flew from Holika and encased Prahlada.〔 Holika burned, Prahlada survived. Vishnu appeared and killed Hiranyakashipu. The bonfire is a reminder of the symbolic victory of good over evil, of Prahlada over Hiranyakashipu, and of the fire that burned Holika.〔Wendy Doniger (Editor), Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions, January 2000, ISBN 978-0877790440, Merriam-Webster, page 455〕 The next day when the fire cooled down, people applied ash to their foreheads,〔(Hazara Singh (2010) Seasonal Festivals and Commemorative Days )〕 a practice still observed by some people.〔Dr Dwivedi, Bhojraj (2014) Religious Basis of Hindu Beliefs. Diamond Pocket Books PVT Ltd ()〕 Eventually, coloured powder came to be used to celebrate Holi. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「holi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|