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hwawon
Hwawon (in Hangul: 화원, in Hanja: 畵員) is the term for any government artist during Joseon dynasty. The terminology technically includes several painters, which are in different ranks, called ''Seonhwa'', ''Seonhoe'', ''Hwasa'' and ''Hoesa''.〔Ki-baik Lee, translated by Edward W. Wagner, A New History of Korea, Harvard University Press, 1984, p.250〕
==Status==
The organization setup belongs to Dohwaso, which had a total of twenty people for Hwawon according to Gyeongguk daejeon. In 1785, however, during the reign of Jeongjo 9, the system became modified, general personnel raised by 30.〔(A court painter of Joseon ) Leeum museum〕 Under the supervisation of Dohwaseo, it gained several times of modification concerning its setup.
Although, for many painters, becoming governmental officers was highly limited chances to gain, Hwawon could take not only his seat but also further opportunities, which allowed them to work after retirement, with certain payment. Those positions were referred as Seobanche Ajik (in Hangul: 서반체아직, in Hanja: 西班遞兒職).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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