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Immigration is the movement of people into a destination country to which they are not native or do not possess its citizenship in order to settle or reside there, especially as permanent residents or naturalized citizens, or to take-up employment as a migrant worker or temporarily as a foreign worker.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=immigration )〕〔Immigrate. (n.d.). Retrieved March 27, 2014, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/immigration〕 When people cross national borders during their migration, they are called migrants or immigrants (from Latin: ''migrare'', wanderer) from the perspective of the country which they enter. From the perspective of the country which they leave, they are called emigrant or outmigrant.〔(Oxford Dictionaries: Outmigrant )〕 Sociology designates immigration usually as migration (as well as emigration accordingly outward migration). Immigrants are motivated to leave their former countries of citizenship, or habitual residence, for a variety of reasons, including a lack of local access to resources, a desire for economic prosperity, to find or engage in paid work, to better their standard of living, family reunification, retirement, climate or environmentally induced migration, exile, escape from prejudice, conflict or natural disaster, or simply the wish to change one's quality of life. Commuters, tourists and other short-term stays in a destination country do not fall under the definition of immigration or migration, seasonal labour immigration is sometimes included. In 2013 the United Nations estimated that there were 231,522,215 immigrants in the world (apx. 3.25% of the global population).〔Data blog, the Guardian, 2013, http://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/sep/11/on-the-move-232-million-migrants-in-the-world〕 The United Arab Emirates has the largest proportion of immigrants in the world, followed by Qatar.〔http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/international-migrants-day-2014-five-countries-highest-number-immigrants-1479997〕〔Immigration - Page 19, Nick Hunter - 2012〕 ==History== (詳細はbird migration), including pre-humans. Human migration started with the migration out of Africa into the Middle East, and then to Asia, Australia, Europe, Russia, and the Americas. This is discussed in the article pre-modern human migration. Recent history is discussed in the articles history of human migration and human migration. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「immigration」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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