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intarsia
Intarsia is a form of wood inlaying that is similar to marquetry. The start of the practice dates before the seventh century.
== History ==
The technique of intarsia inlays sections of wood (at times with contrasting ivory or bone, or mother-of-pearl) within the solid stone matrix of floors and walls or of table tops and other furniture; by contrast marquetry assembles a pattern out of veneers glued upon the carcase. It is thought that the word 'intarsia' is derived from the Latin word 'interserere' which means "to insert".
When Egypt came under Arab rule in the seventh century, indigenous arts of intarsia and wood inlay, which lent themselves to non-representational decors and tiling patterns, spread throughout the maghreb.〔MS Dimand, "An Egypto-Arabic Panel with Mosaic Decoration" ''The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin'', 33.3 (March 1938:78-79)〕 The technique of intarsia was already perfected in Islamic North Africa before it was introduced into Christian Europe through Sicily and Andalusia. The art was further developed in Siena and by Sienese masters at the cathedral of Orvieto, where figurative intarsia made their first appearance, ca 1330 and continuing into the 15th century〔Antoine Wilmering, "Domenico di Niccolò, Mattia di Nanni and the Development of Sienese Intarsia Techniques Domenico di Niccolò, Mattia di Nanni and the Development of Sienese Intarsia Techniques", ''The Burlington Magazine'' 139 No. 1131 (June 1997:376-97).〕 and in northern Italy in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, spreading to German centers and introduced into London by Flemish craftsmen in the later sixteenth century. The most elaborate examples of intarsia can be found in cabinets of this period, which were items of great luxury and prestige.〔Ángeles Jordano, "The Plus Oultra Writing Cabinet of Charles V: Expression of the Sacred Imperialism of the Austrias", ''Journal of Conservation and Museum Studies'' 9 (2011:14-26), .〕 After about 1620, marquetry tended to supplant intarsia in urbane cabinet work.
In the 1980s, intarsia began to gain popularity in the United States as a technique for creating wooden art using a band saw or scroll saw.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=21 April 2015 )〕 Early practitioners made money both by selling their art, and also selling patterns used to create intarsia.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=21 April 2015 )〕
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