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''"Irama"'' is the term used for tempo in gamelan. It can be used with elaborating instruments. It is a concept used in Javanese gamelan music, describing melodic tempo and relationships in density between the balungan, elaborating instruments, and gong structure.〔Spiller, 2004.〕 It is distinct from tempo (Javanese: ''Laya''), as each ''Irama'' can be played in different tempi. ''Irama'' thus combines "the rate of temporal flow and temporal density"; and the temporal density is the primary factor.〔Sumarsan, 1996. page 156〕 One way to think of ''Irama'' is to use the most consistently struck instrument in the gamelan, the ''saron panerus'' (or ''peking''). In some pieces, it plays once per note in the ''balungan'' (such as played by the ''saron barung''). In others, it may play twice as often, or four times, as the notes of the ''balungan'' are more spread out. This corresponds to a slower ''Irama''. In most cases, the more spread out the ''balungan'' is, the longer it takes to reach a ''gong ageng''. There are five ''Irama'':〔 In slower ''Irama'', there is more space to be filled, and typically elaborating instruments become more important. Each ''Irama'' can be played in three ''Laya'' ("tempi"): * ''Seseg'' ("fast"), * ''Sedeng'' ("medium") * ''Tamban'' ("slow"). Frequently, a change of ''Laya'' signals a new section. ==Bibliography== * Spiller, Henry. ''Gamelan: the traditional sounds of Indonesia''. ABC-Clio, 2004. ISBN 978-1-85109-506-3 * Sumarsan. ''Gamelan: cultural interaction and musical development in central Java''. University of Chicago Press, 2nd Edition, 1996. ISBN 978-0-226-78011-5 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「irama」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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