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jokotoba
, literally meaning "preface word", is a figure of speech found in Japanese waka (poetry). ''Jokotoba'' expressions are set before certain words, and makes use of wordplay through similes, kakekotoba and homonyms.
== History and usage ==
The ''makurakotoba'' is closely related to the ''jokotoba'' as a figure of speech in Japanese waka poetry. The main differences are that ''jokotoba'' are not restricted by the number of syllables, and so have greater freedom in terms of length, and they do not have fixed objects which they modify, and so are more bountiful in terms of creativity. For these reasons, in comparison to ''makurakotoba'', ''jokotoba'' can be seen to be more complex expressions in terms of content.
There are two types of ''jokotoba'': ''ushin-no-jo'' (有心の序) and ''mushin-no-jo'' (無心の序). ''Ushin-no-jo'' connect or associate through semantic meaning, while ''mushin-no-jo'' connect or associate through phonetic pronunciation.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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