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The Jutes, Iuti, or Iutæ () were a Germanic people. According to Bede,〔(The Saxon Invasion ) British Isles - past and present. IslandGuide.co.uk (by Alan Price)〕 the Jutes were one of the three most powerful Germanic peoples of their time in the Nordic Iron Age,〔(Jutes ) Channel 4 〕〔Venerable Saint Bede (1723). (''The Ecclesiastical History of the English Nation'' ). John Smith, trans. Printed for T. Batley and T. Meighan.〕 the other two being the Saxons and the Angles.〔(The Germanic invasions of Britain ) Universität Duisburg-Essen〕〔(Invaders ) Historic UK〕 The Jutes are believed to have originated from the Jutland Peninsula (called ''Iutum'' in Latin) and part of the North Frisian coast. In present times the Jutlandic Peninsula consists of the mainland of Denmark and Southern Schleswig in Germany. North Frisia is part of Germany as well. The Jutes invaded and settled in southern Britain in the late 4th century during the Age of Migrations, as part of a larger wave of Germanic settlement in the British Isles. == Homeland and historical accounts == Bede places the homeland of the Jutes on the other side of the Angles relative to the Saxons, which would mean the northern part of the Jutland Peninsula. Tacitus portrays a people called the Eudoses living in the north of Jutland and these may have been the later Iutae. The Jutes have also been identified with the Eotenas (''ēotenas'') involved in the Frisian conflict with the Danes as described in the Finnesburg episode in the poem ''Beowulf'' (lines 1068–1159). Others have interpreted the ''ēotenas'' as ''jotuns'' ("ettins" in English), meaning giants, or as a kenning for "enemies". Disagreeing with Bede, some historians identify the Jutes with the people called Eucii (or ''Saxones Eucii'') who were evidently associated with the Saxons and dependents of the Franks in 536. The Eucii may have been identical with an obscure tribe called the Euthiones (''Ευθίωνες'' in Ancient Greek) and probably associated with the Saxons. The Euthiones are mentioned in a poem by Venantius Fortunatus (583) as being under the suzerainty of Chilperic I of the Franks. This identification would agree well with the later location of the Jutes in Kent, since the area just opposite to Kent on the European mainland (present-day Flanders) was part of Francia. Even if Jutes were present to the south of the Saxons in the Rhineland or near the Frisians, this does not contradict the possibility that they were migrants from Jutland. Asser in his ''Life of Alfred'' claims that Alfred's mother, Osburga, was descended from the Jutes of the Isle of Wight, whom he identifies with the Goths. This ancestry, however, is unlikely and so may be the identification. Another modern hypothesis (the so-called "Jutish hypothesis"), accepted by the ''Oxford English Dictionary'', states that the Jutes are identical with the Geats of southern Sweden. In primary sources the Geats are referred to as ''Eotas'', ''Iótas'', ''Iútan'', and ''Geátas''. However, in both ''Widsith'' and ''Beowulf'', the ''Eotenas'' in the Finn passage are neatly distinguished from the ''Geatas''. It may be that the two tribal names happened to be confused, which occurred in the sources about the death of the Swedish king Östen for example. It is possible that the Jutes were related to the Geats and a Gothic people, as it is mentioned in the ''Gutasaga'' that some inhabitants of Gotland left for mainland Europe. Large grave sites were found at Willenberg, Prussia (now Wielbark, Poland). The finds were attributed to Goths or Gepids. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「jutes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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