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〕 |script = Kannada alphabet (Brahmic) Kannada Braille |notice=Indic |map=Kannadaspeakers.png |mapcaption=Distribution of native Kannada speakers in India〔http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00maplinks/overview/languages/himal1992max.jpg〕 }} Kannada ( ', ) or ''Canarese/Kanarese'' , is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Kannada people in the South Indian state of Karnataka, and by linguistic minorities in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Kerala, and Goa. With roughly 40 million native speakers, who are called Kannadigas (), Kannada ranks 33rd in the list of most spoken languages in the world. It is one of the scheduled languages of India and the official and administrative language of the state of Karnataka. The Kannada language is written using the Kannada script, which evolved from the 5th-century Kadamba script. Kannada is attested epigraphically for about one and a half millennia, and literary Old Kannada flourished in the 6th-century Ganga dynasty and during the 9th-century Rashtrakuta Dynasty.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Rastrakutas )〕〔Zvelebil (1973), p.7 (Introductory, chart)〕 Kannada has an unbroken literary history of over a thousand years.〔Garg (1992), p.67〕 Based on the recommendations of the Committee of Linguistic Experts, appointed by the Ministry of Culture, the Government of India designated Kannada a classical language of India.〔Kuiper (2011), p.74〕〔R Zydenbos in Cushman S, Cavanagh C, Ramazani J, Rouzer P, ''The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics: Fourth Edition'', p.767, Princeton University Press, 2012, ISBN 978-0-691-15491-6〕 In July 2011, a center for the study of classical Kannada was established as part of the Central Institute of Indian Languages at Mysore to facilitate research related to the language. ==History== Kannada is a Southern Dravidian language, and according to Dravidian scholar Sanford Steever, its history can be conventionally divided into three periods; Old Kannada (''halegannada'') from 450–1200 A.D., Middle Kannada (''Nadugannada'') from 1200–1700 A.D., and Modern Kannada from 1700 to the present.〔Steever, S.B. (1998), p. 129〕 Kannada is influenced to an appreciable extent by Sanskrit. Influences of other languages such as Prakrit and Pali can also be found in Kannada language. The scholar Iravatham Mahadevan proved that Kannada was already a language of rich oral tradition earlier than 3rd century B.C., and based on the native Kannada words found in Prakrit and Tamil inscriptions of that period, Kannada must have been spoken by a widespread and stable population.〔 The scholar K.V. Narayana claims that many tribal languages which are now designated as Kannada dialects could be nearer to the earlier form of the language with lesser influence from other languages.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「kannada」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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