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karrikin
Karrikins are a group of plant growth regulators found in the smoke of burning plant material. For many years smoke from wildfires or bushfires was known to stimulate the germination of seeds. In 2004, butenolide was shown to be responsible for this effect. Later, several closely related compounds were discovered in smoke, and are collectively known as karrikins.〔 Six karrikins have been discovered in smoke and are designated KAR1, KAR2, KAR3, KAR4, KAR5 and KAR6, but KAR1 to KAR4 are the most active. The butenolide part of the compound is a 5-membered lactone ring while the other part of the karrikin compound is a 6-membered pyran ring.
==Origin==
Karrikins are formed by the heating or combustion of carbohydrates including sugars and cellulose. When plant material burns, these carbohydrates convert to karrikins. Plant cell walls are made of polysaccharides including cellulose, and a convenient way to prepare karrikins is to burn paper or dried grass. The pyran part of karrikins is probably directly derived from a pyranose sugar. There is no evidence that karrikins occur naturally in plants.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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