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katabasis
Katabasis or catabasis (from Greek κατὰ "down" and βαίνω "go") is a descent of some type, such as moving downhill, the sinking of the winds or sun, a military retreat, or a trip to the underworld or from the interior of a country down to the coast. The term has multiple related meanings in poetry, rhetoric, and modern psychology.
==A trip to the coast==
The term ''katabasis'' can refer to a trip from the interior of a country down to the coast (for example, following a river), in contrast to the term ''anabasis'', which refers to an expedition from a coastline up into the interior of a country.
The main meaning given for ''katabasis'' by the ''Oxford English Dictionary'' (''OED'')describes "A going down; a military retreat, in allusion to that of the ten thousand Greeks under Xenophon, related by him in his Anabasis":
In the opening of Plato's ''Republic'', Socrates recounts "going down" to the port city of Piraeus, located south of his native Athens. Several scholars, including Allan Bloom, have read this first word, ''kateben'' ("I went down") as an allusion to Odysseus' journey into the underworld.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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