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Keratoprosthesis is a surgical procedure where a diseased cornea is replaced with an artificial cornea. Traditionally, keratoprosthesis has only been reserved for eyes that have already failed corneal transplantation or where the prognosis for a corneal transplant is extremely poor. More recently, a less invasive, non-penetrating artificial cornea has been developed which can be used in more routine cases of corneal blindness. While conventional cornea transplant uses donor tissue for transplant, an artificial cornea is used in the Keratoprosthesis procedure. The surgery is performed to restore vision in patients suffering from severely damaged cornea due to congenital birth defects, infections, injuries and burns. Keratoprotheses are made of clear plastic with excellent tissue tolerance and optical properties. They vary in design, size and even the implantation techniques may differ across different treatment centers. The procedure is done by ophthalmologists, often on an outpatient basis. The idea of artificial cornea was first proposed in 1789 by French ophthalmologist Guillaume Pellier de Quengsy.〔Pellier de Quengsy G. Précis au cours d'operations sur la chirurgie des yeux. Paris: Didot; 1789〕〔1. Alio JL, Abdelghany AA, Abu-Mustafa SK, Zein G. Br J Ophthalmol. 2015 Apr 13. pii: bjophthalmol-2014-306264. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-306264. 2. An innovative intrastromal keratoprosthesis surgery assisted by femtosecond laser. Alio JL, Abbouda A, Vega-Estrada A. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2014 Jul-Aug;24(4):490-3. doi: 10.5301/ejo.5000435. Epub 2014 Feb 10. 〕 == Types == Although many keratoprostheses have been developed only four that are in commercial use including the Boston keratoprosthesis, Osteo-Odonto-Keratoprosthesis (OOKP), AlphaCor and the KeraKlear Artificial Cornea. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「keratoprosthesis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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