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klaf
Klaf or qelaf (Hebrew: קלף) is the designation given a particular piece of skin. The Talmudic definition includes both the form of the skin and the way it is processed, in particular that it must be tanned. Since the innovative ruling of ''Rabbeinu Tam'' (12th century Tosafist) it is primarily used to refer to parchment or vellum. It is one of the materials upon which a Sofer writes certain Jewish liturgical and ritual documents.
==Description==
Klaf is made of the specially prepared skin of a kosher animal - goat, cattle, or deer. Rabbinic literature addresses three forms of skin: ''Gevil'', consisting of the full, un-split hide, ''klaf'', and ''dukhsustus'' which are the two halves of the full hide. Rabbinic literature is divided upon which is the inner and which is the outer of the two halves.
This dispute may be of very little practical significance as the main schools of thought today on each side, are in agreement over the identity of the klaf with the only dispute being whether Duchsustus is the skin layer on the outside or the membrane on the inside, with writing on duchsustus having fallen out of all common practice centuries ago.
However, there is a small group which breaks with the tradition and understands that the Klaf is the thin outer layer with the Duchsustus being the thicker, inner layer.) In any event in agreement is that klaf can only be written upon on its own inner layer and ''Duchsustus'' on its own outer layer. For each of sifrei torah, tefilin, and mezuzos there are different guidelines and restrictions of which form of the skin may be used i.e. ''tefilin'' can only be made from ''klaf''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「klaf」の詳細全文を読む
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