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Kringle is a Scandinavian pastry, a Nordic variety of pretzel. Pretzels were introduced by Roman Catholic monks in the 13th century in Denmark, and from here it spread and developed further into several kinds of sweet, salty or filled pastries, all in the shape of kringle. In Danish and Norwegian, the word is ''kringle'', plural ''kringler''; (エストニア語:kringel), plural ''kringlid''; (スウェーデン語:kringla), plural ''kringlor''; (アイスランド語:kringla) plural ''kringlur'', (フェロー語:kringla) plural ''kringlur''; (フィンランド語:rinkeli). The word originates from the Old Norse ''kringla'', meaning ring or circle. In the Netherlands, a particular type of sweet kringle is well known under the Dutch name ''krakeling''. The shape of the kringle has given name to a similarly entangled feature found in some proteins, the so-called Kringle domain. == Scandinavia == In Denmark, ''kringle'' denotes the pretzel-like knotted shape rather than the pretzel pastry type. Kringler may be made from puff pastry (like Danish pastry) or yeast dough, filled with remonce or marzipan and raisins, sprinkled with coarse sugar, nut flakes or icing. There are small salty kringler, ''saltkringler'', being the Danish equivalent of pretzels, and ''kommenskringler'' which are half-hand-sized breads in the kringle shape, made from unsweetened yeast dough spiced with caraway seeds. ''Sukkerkringler'' are similar, sweet pretzels, sprinkled with sugar instead of caraway. ''Smørkringler'' are large crusty and sweet pretzels with a spread of butter on the backside. Smørkringler are not as popular as in former times.〔 Official homepage of the Baker's Guild of Copenhagen〕 Kringler are pastries with a long history in Denmark, and are still popular items in modern Danish bakeries. Nowadays, kringle is usually made with only one crossing and not two, as in the original kringle and pretzel shape.〔 Official homepage of the Baker's Guild of Copenhagen〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「kringle」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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