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lacquer
Lacquer is a clear or coloured wood finish that dries by solvent evaporation or a curing process that produces a hard, durable finish. This finish can be of any sheen level from ultra matte to high gloss, and it can be further polished as required. It is also used for "lacquer paint", which is a paint that typically dries better on a hard and smooth surface.
The term ''lacquer'' originates from the Sanskrit word ''lāksh''ā' (लाक्षा) meaning "wax", which was used for both the Lac insect (because of their enormous number) and the scarlet resinous secretion it produces that was used as wood finish in ancient India and neighbouring areas. In terms of modern products for coating finishes, lac-based finishes are likely to be referred to as shellac, while lacquer often refers to other polymers dissolved in volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as nitrocellulose, and later acrylic compounds dissolved in ''lacquer thinner'', a mixture of several solvents typically containing butyl acetate and xylene or toluene. Lacquer is more durable than shellac.
In the decorative arts, lacquer or lacquerware refers to a variety of techniques used to decorate wood, metal or other surfaces, especially carving into deep coatings of many layers of lacquer.
==Etymology==
The archaic French word ''lacre'' "a kind of sealing wax", from Portuguese ''lacre'', unexplained variant of ''lacca'' "resinous substance", from Arabic ''lakk'', from Telugu లక్క Persian ''lak'', the verb ''lac'' meaning "to cover or coat with laqueur".〔http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=lacquer〕 The root of the word is the Sanskrit word ''lāksh''ā' (लाक्षा), which was used for both the Lac insect (because of their enormous number) and the scarlet resinous secretion it produces that was used as wood finish in ancient India and neighbouring areas.〔 Lac resin was once imported in sizeable quantity into Europe from India along with Eastern woods.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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