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linearity
In common usage, linearity refers to a mathematical relationship or function that can be graphically represented as a straight line, as in two quantities that are directly proportional to each other, such as voltage and current in an RLC circuit, or the mass and weight of an object.
==Example==
A crude but simple example of this concept can be observed in the volume control of an audio amplifier. While our ears may (roughly) perceive a relatively even gradation of volume as the control goes from 1 to 10, the electrical power consumed in the speaker is rising geometrically with each numerical increment. The "loudness" is proportional to the volume number (a linear relationship), while the wattage is doubling with every unit increase (a non-linear, exponential relationship).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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