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lintel
A lintel is a structural horizontal block that spans the space or opening between two vertical supports.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Glossary of Medieval Art and Architecture - Lintel )〕 It can be a load-bearing building component, a decorative architectural element, or a combined ornamented structural item. It is often found over portals, doors, windows, and fireplaces.
==Structural uses==
In worldwide architecture of different eras and many cultures, a lintel has been an element of post and lintel construction. Many different building materials have been used for lintels. 〔
In classical western construction methods, defining ''lintel'' by its Merriam-Webster definition, a lintel is a load-bearing member and is placed over an entranceway.〔 In ancient Western classical architecture, the lintel, called an architrave, is a structural element that is usually rested on stone pillars or stacked stone columns, over a portal or entranceway. An example from the Mycenaean Greece cultural period (c. 1600 BCE – c. 1100 BCE) is the Treasury of Atreus in Mycenae, Greece. It weighs 120 tons, with approximate dimensions 8.3 × 5.2 × 1.2 m,〔A Classical and Topographical Tour Through Greece: During the Years, Edward Dodwell〕 one of the largest in the world.
A lintel in a fireplace supports the chimney above the fireplace, and a stone lintel bridge is simply a lintel which spans a distance for a path or road.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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