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lognkosauria
Lognkosauria is a group of giant long-necked sauropod dinosaurs within the clade Titanosauria. It includes some of the largest and heaviest dinosaurs to ever walk the earth.
==Defining characteristics==
They were more derived than Andesauridae (primitive titanosaurs such as ''Argentinosaurus'') but more basal than lithostrotians (such as ''Antarctosaurus'' and ''Saltasaurus''). Lognkosaurians can be distinguished from other titanosaurs by the wide and unusually thick cervical rib loops on their neck vertebrae, their extremely robust neck neural spines, the relatively narrow neural canal, and their huge vaulted neural arches. They also had very wide dorsal vertebrae with wing-like side processes, and extremely wide rib cages. Their dorsal side processes are also fairly in-line with the level of the neural canal, instead of being attached further up the neural arch as in lithostrotians.
They became dominant in the Turonian and Coniacian epochs, replacing the Andesauridae as the top giant herbivores. Skull material from ''Malawisaurus'', the sister group to Lognkosauria, indicates that lognkosaurians at least began with the big-nosed, rounded head shape of earlier titanosaurs and more basal macronarians.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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