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lordosis
The term lordosis refers to the normal inward ''lordotic'' curvature of the lumbar and cervical regions of the spine.〔Medical Systems: A Body Systems Approach, 2005〕 Excessive curvature of the lower back is known as lumbar hyperlordosis, commonly called sway back, hollow back or saddle back (after a similar condition that affects some horses). A major feature of lumbar hyperlordosis is a forward pelvic tilt, resulting in the pelvis resting on top of the thighs. Curvature in the opposite convex direction, in the thoracic and sacral regions is termed kyphotic. When this curvature is excessive it is called kyphosis or hyperkyphosis.
==Cause==
Normal lordotic curvatures, also known as ''secondary'' curvatures, results in a difference in the thickness between the front and back parts of the intervertebral disc. Lordosis may also increase at puberty sometimes not becoming evident until the early or mid-20s. Imbalances in muscle strength and length are also a cause, such as weak hamstrings, or tight hip flexors (psoas).
Other health conditions and disorders can cause lordosis. Achondroplasia (a disorder where bones grow abnormally which can result in short stature as in dwarfism), Spondylolisthesis (a condition in which vertebrae slip forward) and osteoporosis (the most common bone disease in which bone density is lost resulting in bone weakness and increased likelihood of fracture) are some of the most common causes of lordosis. Other causes include obesity, kyphosis (spine curvature disorder in which the thoracic curvature is abnormally rounded), discitits (an inflammation of the intervertebral disc space caused by infection) and benign juvenile lordosis.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.webmd.com/back-pain/guide/types-of-spine-curvature-disorders )〕
Excessive lordotic curvature – lumbar hyperlordosis, is also called hollow back, saddle back, and swayback, although swayback can also refer to a nearly opposite postural misalignment that can initially look quite similar.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.lower-back-pain-management.com/sway_back_posture.html )〕 Common causes of lumbar hyperlordosis include tight low back muscles, excessive visceral fat, and pregnancy. Rickets, a vitamin D deficiency in children, can cause lumbar lordosis.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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