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Maalaiskunta (Finnish), landskommun (Swedish), "rural municipality", abbreviated ''mlk'' was one of the four types of municipality in Finland in 1865–1976. Other types were new city (in Finnish uusi kaupunki), old city (in Finnish vanha kaupunki) and ''kauppala'' (market town). Maalaiskunta was the most common type of municipality. In the 1977 reform, all municipalities were given fully equal legal standing. Previous ''maalaiskunta''s associated with a city retained their name. For example, Rovaniemen maalaiskunta ("the rural municipality of Rovaniemi) surrounded the city of Rovaniemi, but were independently governed. From 2009, no municipalities will carry this name any more, after the merger of Jyväskylä and Jyväskylän mlk. Rural municipalities were legally independent from the cities carrying the same name. However, in some cases, particularly when the city was in the geographic center of the municipality, rural municipalities have placed their offices in the city, on the territory of a different municipality. Rural municipalities have also changed their names to create an identity distinct from the city. For example, Vantaa was previously known as ''Helsingin maalaiskunta'', as it was the historical center of Helsinki (location of the Helsinki church village). In addition, in 1926 Lohja was split into ''Lohjan maalaiskunta'', which was known as ''Lohjan kunta'' after 1977, and ''Lohjan kauppala'' (later ''Lohjan kaupunki''), but the two merged again in 1997. ==List of municipalities explicitly named ''maalaiskunta''== * 23px Ekenäs landskommun (in Finnish ''Tammisaaren maalaiskunta'') * * attached in 1977 with Snappertuna as Ekenäs town * 23px Heinolan maalaiskunta * * attached to Heinola in 1997 * 23px Helsingin maalaiskunta * * got the rights of market town in 1972 name changed to Vantaa * 23px Hyvinkään maalaiskunta * * attached in 1969 to Hyvinkää * Hämeenlinnan maalaiskunta * * attached in 1948 to Hämeenlinna, Vanaja and Renko * 23px Iisalmen maalaiskunta * * attached in 1970 to Iisalmi * 23px Ikaalisten maalaiskunta * * united in 1972 with Ikaalinen * 23px Jyväskylän maalaiskunta * * last municipality with the word maalaiskunta attached in 2009 to Jyväskylä * 23px Kajaanin maalaiskunta * * attached in 1977 to Kajaani * 23px Karis landskommun (in Finnish ''Karjaan maalaiskunta'') * * attached in 1969 to Karis * 23px Kemijärven maalaiskunta * * united in 1973 with Kemijärvi market town and formed as Kemijärvi town * 23px Kemin maalaiskunta * * name changed to Keminmaa in 1980 * Koiviston maalaiskunta * * territorial loss to Soviet Union in 1944 * 23px Kokkolan maalaiskunta * * changed name to Kaarlela in 1927. attached to Kokkola in 1977. * 23px Kristinestads landskommun (in Finnish ''Kristiinankaupungin maalaiskunta'') * * changed name to Tjöck in 1919. attached to Kristinestad in 1973. * 23px Kuopion maalaiskunta * * attached in 1969 to Kuopio and Siilinjärvi * Käkisalmen maalaiskunta * * territorial loss to Soviet Union in 1944 * 23px Lohjan maalaiskunta * * name changed to ''Lohjan kunta'' ("municipality of Lohja") in 1977, attached to the city of Lohja in 1997. * 23px Loimaan maalaiskunta * * name changed ''Loimaan kunta'' ("municipality of Loimaa") in 1977, attached to the city of Loimaa in 2005 * 23px Mikkelin maalaiskunta * * attached in 2001 to Anttola and Mikkeli * 23px Naantalin maalaiskunta * * attached in 1964 to Naantali * 23px Nurmeksen maalaiskunta * * attached in 1973 to Nurmes market town * 23px Nykarleby landskommun (in Finnish ''Uudenkaarlepyyn maalaiskunta'') * * attached in 1975 with Munsala and Jeppo as Nykarleby town * 23px Oulun maalaiskunta * * name changed as Oulujoki in 1910 partioned with Haukipudas, Kempele, Kiiminki, Oulu, Oulunsalo, Tyrnävä, Utajärvi and Ylikiiminki in 1965 * 23px Pargas landskommun (in Finnish ''Paraisten maalaiskunta'') * * attached in 1967 to Pargas market town * 23px Pieksämäen maalaiskunta * * united in 2004 with Jäppilä and Virtasalmi as Pieksänmaa, which merged with Pieksämäki in 2007 * 23px Pedersöre (in Finnish former ''Pietarsaaren maalaiskunta'') * * the Finnish name changed as ''Pedersören kunta'' in 1989 * 23px Porin maalaiskunta * * attached in 1967 to Pori * 23px Porvoon maalaiskunta * * attached in 1997 tp Porvoo * 23px Rauman maalaiskunta * * attached in 1993 to Rauma * 23px Rovaniemen maalaiskunta * * attached in 2006 to Rovaniemi * 23px Seinäjoen maalaiskunta * * attached in 1959 to Seinäjoki market town * Sortavalan maalaiskunta * * territorial loss in 1944 to Soviet Union * Uudenkaupungin maalaiskunta * * attached in 1969 to Uusikaupunki * Viipurin maalaiskunta * * territorial loss in 1944 to Soviet Union * 23px Äänekosken maalaiskunta * * attached in 1969 to Äänekoski market town. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「maalaiskunta」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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