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magonism
Magonism〔(Magón and Magonism ) at Blackwell Reference〕〔(Magonism and Zapatism )〕 ((スペイン語:Magonismo)) is an anarchist, or more precisely anarcho-communist,〔("The Mexican Revolution (libcom.org) )〕〔(Review of ''Mexico’s Revolution Then and Now'', by James D. Cockcroft (academia.edu) )〕 school of thought precursor of the Mexican Revolution of 1910. It is mainly based on the ideas of Ricardo Flores Magón,〔 (Magonismo, anarquismo en México )〕 his brothers Enrique and Jesús, and also other collaborators of the Mexican newspaper ''Regeneración'' (organ of the Mexican Liberal Party), as Práxedis Guerrero, Librado Rivera and Anselmo L. Figueroa.〔(Magonismo: An Overview )〕〔 (History of Magonism )〕
==Magonism and anarchism==
Mexican government and the press of the early 20th century called as ''magonistas'' people and groups who shared the ideas of the Flores Magón brothers, who inspired the overthrow of the dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz and perform an economic and not only political revolution. The fight against tyranny encouraged by the Flores Magón contravened official discourse of ''Porfirian Peace'' by which the protesters were rated as the ''Revoltosos Magonistas'' (i.e. "Magonist rioters") to isolate any social basis and preserve the image of peace and progress imposed by force.〔National Archive of Mexico, Governance Branch: ''Revoltosos Magonistas'' (1906)〕
Both Flores Magón brothers, like other members of the Mexican Liberal Party (PLM), used the term ''magonista''〔(Magonistas ) at Oxford Reference〕 to refer to the libertarian movement that promoted; as they felt they were fighting for an ideal and not not to elevate in power to a boss or a group, they called themselves "liberals", as they were organized in the PLM, and later "anarchists". The same Ricardo Flores Magón affirmed: ''Liberal Party members are not magonistas, they are anarchists!''. In his literary work ''Verdugos y Víctimas'' (i.e. "Executioners and Victims"),〔 (''Verdugos y Víctimas'' from the Ricardo Flores Magón Archive )〕 one of the characters responds indignantly when he was arrested and judged: ''I'm not a magonist, I am an anarchist. An anarchist has no idols.''
Magonist thinking was influenced by anarchist philosophers such as Mikhail Bakunin and Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, and others as Élisée Reclus, Charles Malato, Errico Malatesta, Anselmo Lorenzo, Emma Goldman, Fernando Tarrida del Mármol and Max Stirner. They were also influenced by the works of Marx, Gorky and Ibsen. However, the most influential works were the ones of Peter Kropotkin ''The Conquest of Bread'' and ''Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution'', at the same time they were influenced by the Mexican liberal tradition of 19th century and the self-government system of the indigenous people.〔 (Magonism; Historical Perspectives of a Mexican Anarchist Model )〕
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